FAME1_SAMD12

Gene
SAMD12
Disease
FAME1
Inheritance
AD
Classification
Definitive
Total Score
11.5
Publications Reviewed
5
Publication Span
6.84 years
Last Updated
08/14/2025
Curator(s)
Macayla Weiner, Laurel Hiatt

Description

Intronic SAMD12 pentanucleotide repeat expansions involving pathogenic TTTCA insertion with accompanying TTTTA expansion cause autosomal dominant familial adult myoclonic epilepsy type 1 (FAME1/FCMTE1). Multiple studies report affected families across Asian populations, segregation with disease, absence of the TTTCA insertion from controls, computational and long-read detection of the expansion, length-dependent genotype-phenotype correlations, and neuronal UUUCA RNA foci supporting RNA-mediated toxicity.

Genetic evidence

Total: 10

Singular EvidenceProbandsPMID:395698766Targeted long-read sequencing was performed in 77 FCMTE1 patients from 23 pedigrees; 73 SAMD12 (TTTTA)exp(TTTCA)exp alleles passed quality control for genotype analysis.
Collective EvidenceAllelePMID:395698762(TTTCA)exp counts in 73 FCMTE1 patients were inversely correlated with age at onset of cortical tremor and epilepsy, and increased during parental transmission, supporting a length-dependent pathogenic effect.
Collective EvidenceComputationalPMID:322032000.5Whole-genome sequencing repeat-expansion tools detected the SAMD12 TTTCA expansion in affected individuals from Sri Lankan and Indian FAME families and not in controls; RP-PCR validated the calls.
Collective EvidenceSegregationPMID:30194086 PMID:299392031.5PMID:30194086 reported complete cosegregation of SAMD12 TTTTA and inserted TTTCA expansions with FCMTE in a Chinese family, with additional cases in two families. PMID:29939203 reported cosegregation of the SAMD12 (TTTCA)n insertion in 18 Chinese pedigrees and absence in controls.
4 rows

Experimental evidence

Total: 1.5

FunctionBiochemical functionPMID:295074231FISH of autopsied brains from SAMD12 expansion carriers showed UUUCA-containing RNA foci in cortical neurons and Purkinje cells, supporting repeat RNA-mediated toxicity.
FunctionRegulatory impactPMID:295074230.5PMID 29507423 supports reduced SAMD12 protein levels in patient brains.
2 rows

Note: Maximum score caps apply at evidence type, category, and supercategory levels, so section totals may be lower than the raw sum of row scores.